How does interval training impact aerobic capacity?

Interval training significantly enhances aerobic capacity due to its unique training methodology, which involves alternating periods of high-intensity exercise with recovery periods. This approach challenges the cardiovascular system more than steady-state exercise because the heart rate fluctuates significantly. As a result, the body adapts by improving the efficiency of the cardiovascular system, which includes increased stroke volume (the amount of blood the heart pumps per beat) and improved oxygen delivery to muscles.

The high-intensity bursts activate both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems, which not only builds endurance but also boosts overall fitness levels. Over time, this leads to a greater ability to perform prolonged physical activities, as the body becomes more efficient at utilizing oxygen. Therefore, interval training serves as a highly effective method for improving aerobic capacity, making it a popular choice for athletes and fitness enthusiasts aiming to enhance their endurance levels.